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图书目录: Introduction
Coercive Philosophy. Philosophical Explanations. Status of the Hypotheses. Explanation versus Proof. Phil- osophical Pluralism. METAPHYSICS 1 The Identity of the Self I. Personal Identity Through Time The Closest Continuer Theory. The Theory Applied. Overlap. Structuring Philosophical Concepts. Problem Cases. Ties and Caring. II. Reflexivity Reflexive Self-Reference. Essence as a Self. How is Reflexive Self-Knowledge Possible? Classification and Entification. Self-Synthesis. What Synthesis 2 Why Is There Something Rather Than NothingS' Explaining Everything. Inegalitarian Theories. Egali- tarianism Fecundity Fecundity and Self- Subsumption Ultimacy. The Principle of Sufficient Reason. How Are Laws Possible? Beyond. Mystical Experience. EPISTEMOLOGY 3 Knowledge and Skepticism I. Knowledge Conditions for Knowledge. Ways and Methods. Knowledge of Necessities. Cases and Compli- cations. II. Skepticism Skeptical Possibilities. Skeptical Results. Non- closure. Skepticism and the Conditions for Knowl- edge. Narrower Skepticisms. Details of Nonclosure. Proof and the Transmission of Knowledge. Skep- ticism Revisited. Knowing That One Knows. Ill Evidence The Evidential Connection. Evidence Based on Probability. Inference Based on Probability. The Contingency of the Evidential Tie. Is There Evidence for Skepticism? Knowledge, Evidence, and Justification. Evidence for the Evidential Relation. How the Regress Stops. Knowing Inside Out. What's So Special about Knowledge? VALUE 4 Free Will I. Choice and Indeterminism Weigh(t)ing Reasons. Nonrandom Weighting. Understanding and Explaining Free Choices. Could One Have Bestowed Otherwise? Why Free Will, and How. Is Free Will Valuable? II. Deteminism and Aligning with Value Tracking Bestness. How the Tracking Is Mediated How Illuminating Is the Parallel? Does Neuro- physiological Reduction Undercut Tracking? Does Sociobiology Undercut Tracking? Acts in Equilib- rium..Self-choosing. III Retributive Punishment A Framework for Retribution. A Rationale Is Needed. Retribution and Revenge. The Message of Retribution. Connecting with Correct Values. The Act Requirement. Flouting Correct Values. Re- tributive Contours. More on the r ~ H Structure. Offenders and the Law. Determinism and Punish- ment. 5 Foundations of Ethics I. Ethical Push Glaucon's Challenge. Inconsistency and Motiva- tion. The Moral Benefit. Leading the Most Valuable Life. Intrinsic Value. Degree of Organic Unity. Value as Degree of Organic Unity. The Structure of Value. Conditions on Value and Disvalue. The Allure of Value. Explaining the Role of Organic Unity. Designing Value. Pluralism and Creativity. II. Ethical Pull The Moral Basis. Seeking Value. Blocking Moral Avoidance. Moral Responsiveness. Responding and Anti-Responding. Responsive Interaction and Moral Principles. III. The Structure of Ethical Pull Moral Complications and Moral Structures. The Simple Balancing Structure. Judgment in Ethics. The Complex Structure: Alternative Actions. Measurement of Moral Weight. The Complex Structure: Larger Courses of Action. Deontology and Teleology. Rights. IV. The Life of Value Self-Improvement. Harmonious Hierarchical De- velopment. Developing Self and Others. Flourish- ing. The Value of Valuers. Treating in Accordance with Value. Responsive Connection to Reality. Parity of Push and Pull. Does Push Cover Pull? V. Fact and Value Chasms Ethical Explanation and Self- Subsumption. Kantian Structuring. VI the Basis of'value The Euthyphro Question. Nihilism, Realism, Idealism, Romanticism, and Realizationism. Choosing That There Be Value. The Relationship Between Fact and Value. 6 Philosophy and the Meaning of Life Modes of Meaning(fulness). Death. Traces. God's Plan. Transcending Limits. The Unlimited. Meaning and Value. Philosophy as Part of the Humanities. Reduc- tionism. Nonreductive Understanding. Philosophy as an Art Form. Notes Index |