用户登陆搜 索 |
查看图书
图书目录：Preface
About the Contributors PART ONE Introduction 1 1 Gender, Justice, and Social Control: A Historical Perspective by Joycelyn M. Pollock Images of Women and Social Control Social Control Women's Role in Colonial America The Nineteenth Century: "Separate Spheres" Feminism in the Nineteenth Century The Twentieth Century The Second Wave of Feminism 15 / Women as Criminals 16 / Women as Victims 17 / Women as Professionals 21 / Crossovers 26 Conclusion 27 2 lmages of Women by Frankie Y. Bailey Historical Images of Women Images of Women as Criminals 35 / The Emergence of Mass Media Evolving Images of Women in Mass Media Images of Criminal Women and Criminal Justice Practitioners In Search of Positive Images for Women 40 / Images of Women in Music and Comics 40 / News Coverage of Victims and Offenders Conclusion 3 Current Issues in the Law and Women: What Would a Reasonable Woman Do? by Mary K. Stohr and Lisa Growette Bostaph Law as a Gendered Entity What Would a Reasonable Woman Do ? Case Law and the Reasonable Woman Standard 51 / Civil Protection Orders that Encompass the Reasonable Woman Standard Separate Spheres The Legal Bridge into the Male Sphere 53 / Women in Criminal Justice Agencies 54 / Employment Discrimination Continues 55 / Reverse Discrimination Women's Experiences in the Law The Gender Bias Studies Policy Implications Conclusion 4 Regulating and Controlling Women's Bodies by Kate Bagley and Alida V. Merlo Pregnant Women and Drugs Prosecution of Pregnant Women for Substance Abuse 66 / The Effects of Crack Cocaine on Fetuses 68 / A Slippery Slope? Defining the Fetus as a Person Coercive Contraception Controlling Women with AIDS Controlling Pregnant Women with AIDS HIV/AIDS in Prison The Criminal Justice System's Response to Women Infected with HIV/AIDS Policy Implications and Future Goals Conclusion PART TWO Women Practitioners in the Criminal Justice System 5 Police Women in the Twenty-First Century by Kathryn E. Scarborough and Carole Garrison Media Images of Policewomen Research on Policewomen Applied Research Voices from Women in the Field Recruitment and Retention 101 / Promotion Findings 102 / Sexual Harassment Findings 103 / Interagency Collaboration Findings 103 / Summary of Findings Conelusion 6 Women Working in Prisons and Jail Settings: Progress and Prospects 111 by Mary Anne Farkas Perspectives on Work Behavior 112 History of Women in Corrections 113 Legal Challenges to Women Working in All-Male Institutions 115 Women Working as Correctional Officers 116 Reasons for Women's Entry into Corrections 116 / Supervision Styles of Women Correctional Officers 117 / Perceptions of Supervisory Styles 120 / Views of Male Coworkers 120 / Attitudes of Male Inmates 121 / Attitudes of Correctional Administrators 121 Women in Management Positions 122 Perspectives on Management Styles 122 / Management Styles of Female Wardens and Superintendents 123 Major Obstacles for Women 124 Increased Occupational Stress 125 / Gender and Sexual Harassment 125 Conclusion 127 7 The Practice of Law in the Twenty-First Century 133 by Frances Bernat History of Women in the Legal Profession 134 Stereotypes That Hurt Women Lawyers 135 Gender Bias Is Widespread and Persistent 137 Salary Inequities Remain 138 / Female Lawyers of Color 139 / Women in the Judiciary 139 / Women in Law School 140 Balanced Lives 141 Female Lawyers in the Criminal Justice System 142 / Redefining the Legal Profession 143 Conclusion 144 PART THREE Women as Victims 147 8 Rape Survivors: The Law and The Reality 149 by Mittie D. Southerland and Rachel M. Southerland Types and Definitions of Rape 150 Types of Rape 150 / Perceptual Definitions of Rape 151 / Personal Definitions of Rape 152 / Legal Definitions of Rape 152 Legal Reforms 153 Marital Exemption for Rape 153 / Rape Shield Laws 154 / Campus Reforms 154 / Hate Rape 155 Prevalence and Correlates 155 Trends and the 2002 Victimization Data 156 Aftermath of Rape 160 Rape Trauma Syndrome 160 / Postrape Adjustment 161 Motivation for Rape 162 Feminist Theories 162 / Individualistic Theories 163 / Limitations of Rape Motivation Theories 163 Policy Implications 164 Preventing Acquaintance Rape 164 / Law Enforcement Issues 164 / Higher Education Issues 165 / NCVS Methodological Issues 165 Conclusion 166 9 Intimate Partner Violence Against and By Women 170 by Denise Kindsehi Gosselin Historical Perspective 171 Intimate Partner Violence 173 Prevalence of Relationship Violence 174 / Crimes Against Women 176 Effects of Intimate Partner Violence 179 Responses to Intimate Partner Violence 181 Social Action Responses 181 / Legalistic Responses 182 Conclusion 184 PART FOUR Women Offenders 189 10 Female Criminality: Ten Years Later 191 by Sareta M. Davis, Alida V. Merlo, and Joyeelyn M. Pollock Constructing a Theory of Female Criminality 193 Recent Theories 197 Drugs: Impact on Female Criminality 203 Conclusion 205 11 Women Drug Offenders 211 by Marilyn D. MeShane and Frank P. Williams, III A BriefI-Iistory of Drugs 212 Women as Drug Offenders 213 Criminal Involvement with Drugs 214 / The Impact of the War on Drugs 215 Drug Offending and Women's Lifestyles 216 Sources of Interaction 216 / Drugs and Social Issues 216 / Drugs and Criminological Theories 218 Treatment Issues 218 Access to Treatment 219 / Treatment for AIDS 219 / Mental Health, Abuse, and Family Support Issues 219 Policy Responses and Implications 220 Laws and Pregnancy 220 / Asset Forfeiture and Zero Tolerance Policies 221 / Termination of Parental Rights 222 / Mandatory Minimum Sentences and Harsher Drug Laws 223 Conclusion 223 12 Women as Perpetrators of Murder 227 by Peter J. Benekos Images of Murder: Women as Offenders and Victims 229 Offender/Victim Relationship 231 / Marital Violence 233 / Infanticide 237 / Suicide 239 Theories of Family Violence 239 Integrated Model 241 / Motives for Murder 242 Conclusion 243 PART FIVE Girls, Minorities, and Women in the System 249 13 The Context of Women's Imprisonment 251 by Barbara Owen Gender and Social Control 252 The Gendered Context of the Imprisonment Binge 253 Pathways to Imprisonment: A Contextual Approach 255 Violence and Trauma 256 / Substance Abuse 257 / Economic Marginalization 257 Origins of the Prison 258 The Reformatory 259 The Contemporary Prison 259 Programming 260 / Issues Affecting Women in Prison 261 Reentry and the Gendered Problems of Parole 263 The Experience of Parole for Women 264 / Parole and Motherhood 264 / Recidivism 265 Policy Implications 266 Conclusion 266 14 stitt the "Best Place to Conquer Girls": Girls and the Juvenile Justice System 271 by Meda Chesney-Lind and Katherine Irwin A Century of Girls' Justice 272 Research and Girls in the System 274 Girls'Arrest Trends 275 Relabeling 278 Rediscovery and "Upcriming" 279 Juvenile Justice in the New Millennium 280 Girls Detention Trends 28I Girls' Experiences in Detention 284 Gender and Training Schools--Girls' Victimization Continues 285 Girls and Juvenile Justice: What Does the Future Hold? 286 Conclusion 288 15 Intersectionality of Race/Ethnicity, Class, and Justice: Women of Color 292 by Janiee Joseph Conceptual Framework 293 Justice 294 / Race/Ethnicity, Class, and Crime 295 Women of Color 296 Theoretical Perspectives 297 Race/Ethnicity, Class, and Gender Intersectionality 299 Race/Ethnicity, Class, Criminalization, and Justice 300 Criminalization 301 / Women of Color and the Courts 303 / Women of Color and Incarceration 303 Race/Ethnicity, Class, Victimization, and Justice 304 Domestic Violence 304 / Sexual Abuse 306 / Other Forms of Victimization 305 Consequences of Differential Justice 306 Policy Implications 307 Conclusion 308 PART SIX Conclusion 313 16 Assessing Progress and Imagining the Future for Women and Justice 315 by Alida V. Merlo Women in Law.Related Professions 316 Women, the Law, and the Judiciary 316 / Women in Law Enforcement 317 / Harassment and Discrimination in the Profession 318 / Women in Corrections 319 Controlling Women's Bodies 320 Female Victims 321 Rape Victimization 322 / Battered Women 322 Female Offenders and the System's Response 323 Women, Crime, and Drugs 323 / Women Involved in Violent Crime 324 / Women in Prison and Jail 325 / Juvenile Female Offenders: Differential Processing and Treatment 326 / The Intersection of Race/Ethnicity, Gender, Class, and Criminal Justice 327 Strategies for the Incorporation of Women and Women's Perspectives in Law 328 Women's Progress in Education and Politics 328 Index 333 |
