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图书目录:List of case studies
A CknoWLledgements Foreword 1 Psycholegal research: an introduction Introduction: Development of the psycholegal field I Bridging the gap between psychology and law: why it has taken so long 2 Remaining difficulties 3 Grounds for optimism 4 Psychology and law in Australia 5 Conclusions 6 The book's structure, focus and aim 2 Eyewitnesses: key issues and event characteristics Introduction 1 Legal aspectsof eyewitness testimony 2 Characteristics of human attention, perception and memory 3 Eyewitness testimony research: methodological considerations 4 Variables in the study of eyewitness memory 5 Variables that impact on eyewitness' testimony accuracy 6 Conclusions Revision questions 3 Eyewitnesses: the perpetrator and interviewing Introduction 1 Witness characteristics 2 Perpetrator variables 3 Interrogational yariables 4 Misinformation due to source monitoring error 5 Repressed or false-memory syndrome? 6 Interviewing eyewitnesses effectively 7 Conclusions Revision questions 4 Children as witnesses Introduction 1 Legal aspects of children as witnesses 2 Evaluations of the 'live link'/closed-circuit television 3 Child witnesses and popular beliefs about them 4 Children's remembering ability 5 Deception in children 6 Factors that impact on children's testimony 7 Enhancing children's testimony 8 Interviewing children in sexual abuse cases 9 Anatomical dolls and interviewing children 10 Conclusions Revision questions 5 The jury Introduction 1 A jury of twelve: historical background 2 The notion of an impartial and fair jury: a critical appraisal 3 Methods for studying juries/jurors 4 What do we know about juries? 5 Defendant characteristics 6 Victim/plaintiff characteristics 7 Interaction of defendant and victim characteristics 8 Hung juries 9 Models of jury-decision making 10 Reforming the jury to remedy some of its problems 11 Alternatives to trial by jury 12 Conclusions Revision questions 6 Sentencing as a human process Introduction 1 Disparities in sentencing 2 Studying variations in sentencing 3 Some extra-legal factors that influence sentences 4 Models of judicial decision-making 5 Conclusions Revision questions 7 The psychologists as expert witnesses Introduction 1 Five rules for admitting expert evidence 2 United States 3 England and Wales 4 Australia, New Zealand and Canada 5 The impact of expert testimony by psychologists 6 Appearing as expert witnesses 7 Conclusions Revision questions 8 Persuasion in the courtroom Introduction 1 Defining advocacy 2 Qualities of an advocate: lawyers writing about lawyers 3 Effective advocacy: some practical advice by lawyers 4 Effective advocacy in the courtroom: empirical psychologists' contribution 5 Conclusions Revision questions 9 Detecting deception Introduction 1 Paper-and-pencil tests 2 The social psychological approach 3 Physiological and neurological correlates of deception 4 Brainwaves as indicators of deceitful communication 5 Stylometry 6 Statement realitytvaidity analysis (SVA) 7 Reality monitoring 8 Scientific content analysis 9 Conclusions Revision question 10 Witness recognition procedures Introduction 1 Person identification from photographs 2 Show-ups/witness confrontations 3 Group identification 4 Line-ups 5 Voice identification 6 Conclusions Revision questions 11 Psychology and the police introduction 1 Selection 2 Predicting success within the force 3 Encounters with the public 4 Stress 5 Questioning suspects 6 False confessions 7 Conclusions 12 Conclusions Notes References Author index Suhjeet index A Christmas Day murderer who did not get away Examples of alarming jury verdicts Disparities in sentencing: a cause for international concern R v. Steven Davis R v. Peter Ellis Line-up misidentification Witness photo misidentification Real conditions for voice witness identification An untypical fraudster who proved difficult to question |